CNIDARIA : Pennatulacea : VirgulariidaeSEA ANEMONES AND HYDROIDS

Virgularia mirabilis (Müller, 1776)

Slender sea pen


Virgularia mirabilis image: _b174550
Virgularia mirabilis

Description: Forms elongated, very slender colonies with narrow "leaves" bearing polyps. Colour yellowish or whitish; capable of luminescence in darkness. Up to 600mm long with central stem only a few mm thick. All sea-pens possess an internal calcareous skeletal rod (axis): in this species it is round in section and often protrudes from the top of the colony.

Habitat: Lives embedded in mud, into which it can withdraw. Occurs in sheltered localities in depths greater than about 5 m.

Distribution: All coasts of Britain and Ireland, locally abundant. Generally distributed around western Europe and in the north Atlantic, also in the Mediterranean.

Similar Species: Only Funiculina quadrangularis is similar but its polyps are not arranged in "leaves" and its axis is square in section.

Key Identification Features:

  • Long, slender form.
  • Polyps on 'leaves'.
  • Whitish or yellowish colour.

Distribution Map from NBN: Virgularia mirabilis at National Biodiversity Network mapping facility, data for UK.

iNaturalist: Virgularia mirabilis at iNaturalist World Species Observations database.

WoRMS: Virgularia mirabilis at World Register of Marine Species.

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 Picton, B.E., Keatley, L. & Morrow, C.C. (2026). Virgularia mirabilis. (Müller, 1776). [In] Encyclopedia of Marine Life of Britain and Ireland.
https://habitas.org/mbdp/species.php?item=D10560. Accessed on 2026-11-01